מבחנים מותאמים

GI/Hepatobiliary by user115903

51 y/o F with H/O GERD, IBS, and EtOH use disorder presents with 3 days of epigastric pain, nausea, and dark stools. EGD shows gastric ulcer with stigmata of recent bleed. Started on IV PPI and NS. Hgb stable. CIWA protocol initiated. SW involved for CD resources. Denies hematemesis or melena currently.

Renal by user115903

59 y/o M with H/O DM2, HTN, and CKD4 presents with weakness and decreased urine output x3 days. Labs: BUN/Cr 92/5.1 → AKI on CKD, likely 2/2 dehydration and ACE inhibitor use. Started on IV LR at 75 mL/hr. Renal US pending to r/o obstruction. Nephrology consulted. Will hold nephrotoxic meds and monitor I/O strictly.

Respiratory by user115903

68 y/o F with H/O COPD, OSA, and HFpEF presents to ED with acute SOB and productive cough x3 days. SpO₂ 86% on RA → improved to 92% on 2L NC. CXR with bibasilar opacities. Concern for COPD exacerbation vs PNA. Started on DuoNebs, IV steroids, and empiric abx. Will monitor for AHRF. Denies CP or leg swelling.

Cardiac by user115903

74 y/o M with H/O CAD s/p CABG, HTN, HLD, and prior MI presents with substernal CP x2 hours, radiating to jaw. EKG shows ST elevations in inferior leads. Troponin markedly elevated → STEMI. Started on ASA, heparin bolus, and loaded with ticagrelor. Cath lab activated for emergent PCI. Denies SOB or syncope. Wife at bedside for GOC discussion.

HPI 10 by user115903

78 y/o F with H/O osteoporosis, recent L hip Fx s/p ORIF, CKD, and DM2 presents with poor PO intake and constipation. On TF via G tube for nutrition. Denies pain at incision site. Labs show stable electrolytes. PT/OT eval pending for mobility; WBAT on LLE. Plan for transfer to IRF once medically stable. SW coordinating DME for home use.

HPI 9 by user115903

61 y/o M with H/O HTN, DM2, GERD, and prior NSTEMI presents with CP radiating to LUE. ECG with ST depressions. Troponin elevated. Diagnosed with NSTEMI. Started on ASA, heparin, and beta-blocker. Cardiology consulted for possible cath. CXR negative. Plan for TTE to evaluate for HF or CM. Patient admitted to CCU.

HPI 8 by user115903

45 y/o M with H/O EtOH use disorder, recent admission for CIWA protocol, presents with abdominal pain and hematemesis. CT abd/pelvis shows gastritis; EGD planned by GI. LFTs elevated. Started on IV PPI and NS. SW consulted for CD support. DNR/DNI status confirmed. Patient requesting GOC discussion with family present.

HPI 7 by user115903

70 y/o F with H/O breast Ca s/p mastectomy, currently on chemo, presents from SNF with swelling and pain to LLE. Venous US +DVT. Started on DOAC. No SOB or CP. On SCDs to contralateral leg. Will monitor for signs of PE. Labs also show mild AKI 2/2 dehydration; fluids started.

HPI 5 by user115903

47 y/o F with H/O RA, MDD, and GAD presents with worsening joint pain and morning stiffness. Has been using NSAIDs PRN with limited relief. Denies fever or rash. No SOB or CP. Labs pending to r/o SIRS or infection. Discussed medication compliance and mental health follow-up with PCP. Plan for rheum consult and PT for mobility.

HPI 4 by user115903

82 y/o M from ALF with H/O BPH, HFpEF, and CAD presents with fever, dysuria, and confusion. UA positive for nitrites and leukocytes c/w UTI. BCx pending. Started on IV NS and ceftriaxone. Foley placed. Will monitor renal function given baseline CKD. No flank pain. SW and RNCM involved for D/C planning back to ALF once stable.

HPI 3 by user115903

56 y/o M with DM2, CKD4, and HTN presents with nausea, vomiting, and poor PO intake x4 days. CBG >400. Labs with AGMA, elevated BUN/Cr suggesting AKI on CKD. Concern for DKA. Started on IV insulin drip and LR. Will monitor CBG Q1H. No CP, SOB, or infectious symptoms.

HPI 2 by user115903

68 y/o F with H/O COPD, OSA (on CPAP), HTN, and PAF on DOAC presents with acute SOB and pleuritic CP. CTA chest +PE in RLL. On LMWH bridge to warfarin. Labs notable for mild AKI likely 2/2 dehydration. S/P admission to telemetry for anticoagulation monitoring. No signs of HF or infection.

Liberalism in Canad by user115890

“It is a time of massive anxiety.” Justin Trudeau was talking about Canadians’ economic outlook, pitching the durability of his liberal project to a gathering of global progressives in Montreal last month. “People notice the hike in their mortgages much more than they notice the savings in their child care,” he offered — perhaps implying that in doing so people failed to appreciate all he did for them.
A diagnosis of anxiety fits his own government, too. Mr Trudeau and his party have traversed an arc from heroic to hapless during nine years in office, and today are despised by many in Canada. Polls suggest that less than a quarter of the electorate plans to vote for him. With under a year to go until a general election, Liberal Party members fear no plan exists to increase that share. They have lost two by-elections in quick succession, as well as the support of their governing partner, the New Democratic Party. A letter has been circulating among Liberal MPs calling upon Mr Trudeau to resign. Massive anxiety indeed.
Mr Trudeau became a beacon of morality after he swept to power in 2015, welcoming refugees to Canada from war-torn Syria that Christmas. He legalised marijuana, rewarding the record number of young people who had voted for him. He faced down a truculent President Donald Trump to salvage the North American trade pact that is foundational to Canadian prosperity. His government’s annual payment to families of up to C$7,787 ($5,660) per child has been popular.
The number of permanent residents — including temporary foreign workers, students and asylum-seekers — has more than doubled from 1.3 million in 2021 to over 3 million on July 1st, according to Statistics Canada, representing 7.3% of Canada’s total population of 41 million. The education and health-care systems have also felt the pinch. Universities are bursting with foreign students, often lured by unscrupulous overseas middlemen offering “sham” degrees, according to Mr Trudeau’s immigration minister, Marc Miller. Some 560,000 student visas were handed out in Canada last year. Mr Miller is cutting that number to 364,000. “It’s a bit of a mess, and it’s time to rein it in,” he said earlier this year.
Some elementary-school teachers flounder as they grapple with the children of recent arrivals who often speak neither of Canada’s official languages, English and French.
The pain of high housing costs has been compounded by a mediocre economy. Canada suffers from laggardly productivity growth, which has suppressed wages. Investment has been strong in oil and gas fields, and in extractive industries more generally, but has been overshadowed by other parts of the economy. The share of tech, R&D and education, taken together, in total investment is lower in Canada than anywhere else in the G7 club of rich countries.
Canada’s economic ties with the United States have created problems since the end of the pandemic. American spending switched disproportionately to domestic services after lockdowns ended. This left Canadian manufacturers — whose goods had been flying off the shelves to online shoppers south of the border — in the lurch. The Canadian services sector had to pick up the slack, relying on domestic demand to drive growth.
Higher interest rates made that a tall order. In Canada, where most mortgages are sold with rates that are fixed for five years, rate increases hit consumer spending power harder than they did in the United States, where fixes usually last for 30 years. Canadian households were already dealing with more debt, relative to income, than any other G7 country. On average, 15% of disposable income is now spent on servicing debt — an increase of 1.5 percentage points since 2021. Americans spend 11%.
Canada’s government has not been splurging to try and ease the pain. It ran a budget deficit of 1.1% of GDP in 2023, the lowest of any G7 country.
Climate change offered Mr Trudeau perhaps his clearest opportunity to blend moral leadership with pragmatism. But he ignored polling showing that while Canadians were concerned about the climate crisis, they were also loath to pay taxes equivalent to a Netflix subscription to fight it. His carbon tax, introduced in 2019, imposed a levy on greenhouse-gas emissions. It currently runs at C$80 per tonne, scheduled to rise by C$15 annually to reach C$170 per tonne in 2030.
Canada’s parliamentary budget watchdog said on October 10th that most households would be worse off when indirect costs of the tax were factored in. Mr Trudeau’s failure to find a way to compensate groups who lost out as a result of the tax left it — and him — vulnerable to criticism from Mr Poilievre, who says the tax will lead to “nuclear winter,” trigger “mass hunger and malnutrition,” and compel poor, older people to freeze. Support for the carbon levy has crumbled.
Mr Trudeau’s standing is not helped by the waning under his Liberal government of Canada’s influence in global affairs. When it last tried to win a seat on the United Nations Security Council in 2020, it finished behind Norway and Ireland. It spends just 1.3% of GDP on defence, far below the 2% required of NATO members and the pace set by rearming European members facing an expansionist Russia. Mr Trudeau has promised Canada will hit the 2% level in 2032.
Meanwhile, relations with Asia’s most populous countries — China and India — remain ice-bound. On October 14th, India and Canada each expelled the other’s high commissioner, the latest move in an ongoing spat between the countries over the murder of a Sikh separatist in British Columbia last year. In the Middle East, Israel’s prime minister, Binyamin Netanyahu, does not return Mr Trudeau’s calls.
Instead of adapting to or confronting challenges thrown up by his policies, Mr Trudeau has preferred to attack his critics. He has seemed inert as the erosion of his party’s support accelerated. Some Liberals privately suggest the breakdown of his marriage last year distracted him. In a shuffle aimed at energising his front bench in 2023, more than half his cabinet changed portfolios, but the economic message remained the same: we will continue to deliver “good things” to Canadians. Only recently has Mr Trudeau begun to acknowledge that this fell short. “Doing good things isn’t enough to deal with the kind of anxiety that is out there,” he told the Montreal conference. He still describes his voters’ problems in psychological rather than practical terms.
Boxed out
Mr Poilievre identified that economic anxiety early. This lent him credibility with sectors of the Canadian electorate who felt abandoned. He has boiled his platform down to a series of simple three-word slogans. He says his first piece of legislation will be to “axe the tax,” ditching the carbon levy. He has yet to outline what actions his government would take to fight climate change, but polls make it clear that Canadians care far less than they used to. All too many have forsaken Mr Trudeau — and the causes he stood for.

eBay Draft by rahul28

Hello, Thank you for contacting eBay customer service regarding your sales. My name is XXXX and I am happy to assist you. I understand that you are concerned about increasing your sales. I also understand that you wish that your item should be visible on top while searching items. I appreciate your efforts in clarifying the issue with us. Do not worry; I will help you with this.

I have checked the details and I can see that your listings have good views count but it may be possible that the sales are less. I would like to share that the sales are dependent on the number of factors. The major one is to get your listings in the top of the search results. Please allow me to share that there are certain criteria which suppose to match to appear your listing in first. We calculate Best Match based on a number of parameters.

Best Match is the default sort option for eBay’s search engine. Unlike the other eBay sort options which look at a single portion of a listing (Price, Time ending, Newly Listed, etc.), Best Match sorts items based on a large number of factors. Best Match has been designed to help make shopping an easy and enjoyable experience for buyers. Its job is to bring buyers together with the best items from the best sellers based on the information the buyer enters into search. It was also designed to help avoid bad buying experiences. However here are some tips on how to optimize visibility and consecutively increase the sales.

The following is relevant for Buy It Now as well as Auction listings: Seller Performance & Detailed Seller Ratings: Try to reach the minimum Seller Standards, as listings from sellers not reaching the minimum Seller Standards will be demoted in Search.

If you reach the Top Rated Seller thresholds your listings will get an additional boost in Best Match sort order. Gain a recent Sales history: The more sales you get from one listing, the better it will be displayed in search. Once you have gained some sales and the listing is ended, it would be best in order to keep the history to relist your item.

Title: The listing title needs to be relevant for the listing. It is important to not use keywords in the title which are not relevant for the listings. This keyword spamming will lead to more search impression but no sales. Therefore the search impression over recent sales ratio will decrease. Offer competitive prices: The better value a listing is, the more buyers it is likely to get, and therefore the higher its recent sales score.

Sellers who price items low and try to make up for it with high P&P costs will score poorly in the P&P DSR, and will feature lower as a result. Free Packaging and Postage: Try to offer free shipping, listings offering free shipping will get a boost in search and appear higher. I am optimistic that your sales will increase and the issue will be resolved soon. Thank you for choosing eBay! It was my pleasure to assist you, have a great day. If you need any additional assistance, please feel free to contact us back. Wishing you a very joyful New Year ahead! Kind Regards, eBay Customer Service

AbPsy Ch5 StudyGuide by russell2311

Illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptoms are defined as: Patients experience severe anxiety about having or developing a serious disease, often misinterpreting normal bodily sensations as signs of illness.

A common aspect of all somatic symptom disorders is: The presence of physical complaints or symptoms that cause distress and impairment but lack a clear medical explanation.

Illness anxiety disorder affects women and men, and its relation to socioeconomic status (SES) shows that: Women are more likely to develop the disorder, and it occurs more frequently among individuals with lower socioeconomic status.

The development and maintenance of somatic symptom disorders involve: Misinterpreting normal bodily changes as signs of illness, leading to anxiety that heightens physical sensations and creates a cycle of distress.

The main difference between somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder is: Somatic symptom disorder involves real physical symptoms that cause anxiety, while illness anxiety disorder involves fear of illness with little or no actual physical symptoms.

The causes for somatic symptom and related disorders include: Anxiety sensitivity, heightened awareness of bodily sensations, stressful life events, and reinforcement through attention or avoidance of responsibility.

Barsky and Ahern’s 2005 clinical trial showed that: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) effectively reduced health anxiety and improved coping in patients with illness anxiety disorder.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy for illness anxiety disorder focuses on: Challenging health-related fears, reducing reassurance-seeking behaviors, and teaching patients to reinterpret normal bodily sensations realistically.

Cognitive-behavioral (CBT) treatment for somatic symptom disorders aims to: Reduce stress, alter catastrophic thinking, and eliminate reinforcement of physical complaints through behavioral and cognitive restructuring.

Conversion disorder is characterized by: Physical symptoms such as paralysis, blindness, or loss of sensation without a medical cause, often following stress or trauma.

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures are defined as: Seizure-like episodes that resemble epileptic seizures but have no neurological origin and are psychological in nature.

Conversion disorder symptoms generally appear after: A stressful or traumatic life event that the individual cannot directly confront.

Factitious disorders involve voluntarily producing symptoms because: The person wants to assume the “sick role” and gain attention, unlike malingering, where symptoms are faked for external gain.

Factitious disorder imposed on another person (usually a child) refers to: A caregiver intentionally causing illness in another, typically to gain attention or sympathy, as seen in Munchausen syndrome by proxy.

Munchausen syndrome by proxy is defined as: A type of factitious disorder where a caregiver deliberately makes another person sick to receive attention and care from others.

Social and cultural factors in conversion disorder (SES) show that: It is more common in low socioeconomic groups and rural areas where psychological distress is often expressed physically.

Treating conversion disorder with CBT involves: Identifying stressors, reducing secondary gains, and helping the patient cope with the underlying psychological conflict.

Dissociation is likely to occur after: Traumatic or stressful events that overwhelm an individual’s ability to cope, leading to a disruption in memory, identity, or perception.

Depersonalization is defined as: A feeling of detachment from one’s own body or sense of self, as if observing oneself from outside.

Derealization is described as: A sense that the external world is unreal, distorted, or lifeless.

Derealization-depersonalization refers to: Experiencing both detachment from self and a distorted perception of the external environment at the same time.

General amnesia is compared with dissociative fugue in that: General amnesia involves loss of memory for important personal information, while dissociative fugue includes both memory loss and physical travel to a new location.

The term fugue means flight, relating to the patient’s identity because: The person flees from their usual life, assumes a new identity, and the fugue usually ends suddenly with confusion and return of memory.

Cultural manifestations such as amok, phi pob, vinvusa, and “falling out” illustrate that: Dissociative and trance-like states vary across cultures but reflect similar psychological reactions to stress.

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) involves a host and a switch, with prevalence rates, gender, course, and causes showing that: The host is the primary identity, a switch is a transition between identities, DID occurs about nine times more often in women, develops after severe childhood trauma, and often persists chronically without treatment.

Evidence for the scientific validity of dissociative identity disorder (DID) includes: Consistent findings of memory fragmentation, physiological differences between alters, and verified trauma histories in many cases.

DID and suggestion are related because: The disorder can be influenced by therapist suggestion or false memories, though genuine cases show patterns difficult to fake.

The ease of faking DID symptoms is limited because: True cases display consistent neurological and physiological differences that are hard to imitate voluntarily.

Integration of personality fragments in DID treatment involves: Using psychotherapy to merge separate identities into one cohesive sense of self and to process underlying trauma.

Elizabeth Loftus is known for: Her research showing that human memory is fallible and that false memories of trauma can be unintentionally created through suggestion.

The first woman to w by moyotypes

The first woman to win a Nobel Prize was Marie Sklodowska Curie, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel.

The first woman to win a Nobel Prize was Marie Sklodowska Curie, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel.

The first woman to win a Nobel Prize was Marie Sklodowska Curie, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel.

The first woman to win a Nobel Prize was Marie Sklodowska Curie, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel.

The first woman to win a Nobel Prize was Marie Sklodowska Curie, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel.

AbPsy Ch6 StudyGuide by russell2311

Persistent depressive disorder is defined as: A chronic form of depression with milder but longer-lasting symptoms than major depressive disorder, lasting at least two years.

Cyclothymia is described as: A mood disorder involving numerous periods of mild depressive and hypomanic symptoms that last for at least two years.

Major depressive disorder is characterized by: One or more major depressive episodes with no history of manic or hypomanic episodes.

Typical episode lengths for mood disorders are: Major depressive episodes last at least two weeks, while persistent depressive disorder lasts two years or more; manic episodes last at least one week, and hypomanic episodes last at least four days.

The components of a major depressive episode and a manic episode include: A major depressive episode features sadness, loss of pleasure, changes in appetite or sleep, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, poor concentration, and suicidal thoughts. A manic episode includes elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, impulsivity, and inflated self-esteem.

Anhedonia is defined as: An inability to experience pleasure from activities that are normally enjoyable.

Flight of ideas and other manic symptoms include: Rapid speech, racing thoughts, distractibility, impulsivity, and inflated self-esteem.

A hypomanic episode is described as: A less severe form of mania that does not cause significant impairment and lasts at least four consecutive days.

Mixed features, recurrent, and other specifiers refer to: Episodes that combine symptoms of mania and depression, repeat over time, or have unique features such as seasonal patterns or psychotic symptoms.

Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is also known as: Dysthymia, which involves chronic, low-level depression lasting for at least two years.

Dysthymia differs from major depression because: It has fewer symptoms, lower severity, and longer duration than major depressive disorder.

When a depressive episode has lasted five years or more: Recovery becomes less likely, with only about 38% of patients eventually recovering.

Acute grief and integrated grief are distinguished by: Acute grief occurs soon after loss and is intense, while integrated grief is a healthier, long-term adjustment where the individual accepts the loss.

Bipolar I disorder is characterized by: At least one full manic episode, often alternating with major depressive episodes.

Cyclothymia involves: Chronic mood fluctuations between hypomanic and mild depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for full manic or major depressive episodes.

The trend of diagnosing children with bipolar disorder and misdiagnosing ADHD reflects that: Children showing irritability or manic-like symptoms are sometimes incorrectly labeled as having ADHD instead of mood disorders.

The prevalence of mood disorders and their age of onset show that: Depressive disorders are rare in childhood but increase sharply in adolescence, reaching adult-level prevalence.

The risk of death in elderly patients who have had a stroke or heart attack and have depression is: Higher than for those without depression, as depression worsens recovery and survival rates.

The role of serotonin in regulating emotional reactions is: To help balance other neurotransmitter systems such as norepinephrine and dopamine, maintaining emotional stability.

The relationship between sleep (slow-wave sleep) and mood is that: Depressed individuals experience less slow-wave sleep and enter REM sleep more quickly and intensely.

The reciprocal gene-environment model proposes that: People with depression may create or seek stressful situations, increasing the likelihood of future depression.

Martin Seligman’s learned helplessness model states that: People become depressed when they believe they have no control over the stress in their lives and feel hopeless about changing it.

The link between social support and recovery from depressive episodes is that: Strong personal relationships and social support reduce the risk of depression and aid recovery.

Delaying or preventing future episodes of major depression as a treatment goal means that: Therapies aim to reduce recurrence by teaching coping skills, changing thinking patterns, and managing stress.

Lithium and other mood stabilizers are used to: Treat bipolar disorder by reducing manic episodes and preventing mood swings, though lithium can affect thyroid function.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are compared in that: TMS uses magnetic fields and is less invasive, while ECT induces controlled seizures and is reserved for severe, treatment-resistant depression.

ECT is the best choice for depression treatment when: Other treatments, such as medication and psychotherapy, have failed or when rapid improvement is needed for severe depression.

Seligman’s research on pessimistic cognitive style shows that: People who attribute negative events to internal, stable, and global causes are more vulnerable to depression.

The relationship between mood disorders and suicide is that: Mood disorders, especially major depression and bipolar disorder, are the strongest predictors of suicide.

Alcohol use and suicide rates are linked because: Alcohol lowers inhibitions, increases impulsivity, and is involved in many suicide attempts and completions.

Risk factors for suicide include: Psychological disorders, hopelessness, prior attempts, substance abuse, and lack of social support.

Impulsive suicidal behavior and borderline personality disorder are connected because: Individuals with borderline personality disorder often act on intense emotions impulsively, increasing suicide risk.

Among college students, the second leading cause of death is: Suicide, following accidents.

AbPsy Ch7 StudyGuide by russell2311

The biological, psychological, and social implications of health disorders: Health disorders are influenced by biological factors (like hormones and immune function), psychological factors (like stress and coping), and social factors (like control, social rank, and behavior).

The term psychosomatic refers to: Physical symptoms that are caused or worsened by psychological factors such as stress or anxiety.

Changing risky behaviors can lead to protection against acquiring AIDS: Avoiding risky behaviors, such as unprotected sex or sharing needles, is the most effective way to prevent AIDS.

Stress has a negative impact on the immune system, for example in AIDS: Chronic stress weakens the immune system, reducing the body’s ability to fight infections and illnesses like AIDS.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is: A combination drug treatment that suppresses HIV infection and slows the progression of AIDS.

High risk-taking individuals show what responsiveness to HIV educational pamphlets: People who engage in high-risk behaviors are often less responsive to informational pamphlets or educational messages about HIV.

The percentage of deaths caused by smoking is: A large proportion of preventable deaths in the United States each year are caused by smoking.

Smoking’s rank as a preventable cause of death in the United States is: Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States.

Hans Selye and the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) include its stages: Hans Selye proposed the General Adaptation Syndrome with three stages of response to stress—alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

The HPA axis is: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the body’s central stress response system that releases cortisol.

The relationship between the HPA axis and the hippocampus is: The hippocampus helps turn off the stress response, but chronic stress damages it, weakening control over the HPA axis.

The stress hormone cortisol is secreted by the adrenal glands: Cortisol helps the body respond to stress, but excessive secretion from chronic stress can harm tissues like the hippocampus.

According to Sapolsky’s research on wild baboons, social rank affects stress: Lower-ranking baboons with less control had higher cortisol levels and greater stress-related health problems.

The term self-efficacy refers to: A person’s belief in their ability to handle challenges or control situations effectively, as described by Albert Bandura.

The total number of people afflicted with HIV in 2011 was: Approximately 34 million people worldwide.

Hypertension is defined as: Chronic high blood pressure that increases the risk of stroke, heart attack, and other cardiovascular diseases.

Among African Americans in the United States, hypertension: Occurs at higher rates than in other groups, influenced by biological, social, and stress-related factors.

A Type A controlling personality is characterized by: Competitiveness, time urgency, hostility, and a strong need for control, increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease.

A Type B personality is described as: Relaxed, patient, and less prone to stress-related illnesses compared to Type A individuals.

The difference between acute pain and chronic pain is: Acute pain is short-term and related to injury or illness, while chronic pain persists long after healing should have occurred.

The gate control theory of pain proposes that: Pain signals are modulated by spinal “gates” that can either block or amplify signals based on physical and psychological factors.

The dorsal horns are: Sections of the spinal cord where pain signals are processed and modified before reaching the brain.

Cognitive-behavioral treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome focuses on: Changing unhelpful thoughts, promoting gradual activity, and improving coping strategies to manage symptoms.

Psychoneuroimmunology is the study of: Psychological influences on the nervous and immune systems and their effects on health and disease.

Psych-oncology is the field that studies: How psychological factors affect cancer development, progression, and response to treatment.

The Stanford University Three-City Study in California found that: Combining media campaigns with counseling and instruction was the most effective at reducing heart disease risk factors.

Herbert Benson’s relaxation response is defined as: A simplified form of meditation using a repeated word or phrase and slow breathing to reduce stress and induce calm.

Untitled by margot.bullock1

Polar bears are so big! Some are 8 feet long. They're the biggest bears. Polar bears have fur. It looks white. Polar bears like the cold. They live by the sea. Many live on sea ice. Polar bears love to swim. They eat other animals. Baby polar bears are called cubs.

Black bears are common in North America. They live in many different habitats. Some roam in forests. Others live on mountains. Most black bears have black fur. But some are brown and blonde. Their size varies. Bears in the north are larger.

Giant pandas live in China. Mountain forests are their homes. These habitats are cool and rainy. The forests are filled with BAMBOO. Giant pandas have black and white fur. Black fur is around their eyes. Their eats and legs are also black. Giant pandas eat BAMBOO. They grip it with their claws. Strong jaws help them to chew.

Juan Capitulo 3 by user115787

1 Habia un hombre de los fariseos que se llamaba Nicodemo, un principal entre los judios. 2 Este vino a Jesus de noche, y le dijo: Rabi, sabemos que has venido de Dios como maestro; porque nadie puede hacer estas senales que tu haces, si no esta Dios con el. 3 Respondio Jesus y le dijo: De cierto, de cierto te digo, que el que no naciere de nuevo, no puede ver el reino de Dios. 4 Nicodemo le dijo: Como puede un hombre nacer siendo viejo? Puede acaso entrar por segunda vez en el vientre de su madre, y nacer? 5 Respondio Jesus: De cierto, de cierto de digo, que el que no naciere de agua y del Espiritu, no puede entrar en el reino de Dios. 6 Lo que es nacido de la carne, carne es; y lo que es nacido del Espiritu, espiritu es. 7 No te maravilles de que te dije: Os es necesario nacer de nuevo. 8 El viento sopla de donde quiere, y oyes su sonido; mas ni sabes de donde viene, ni a donde va; asi es todo aquel que es nacido del Espiritu. 9 Respondio Nicodemo y le dijo: Como puede hacerse esto? 10 Respondio Jesus y le dijo: Eres tu maestro de Israel, y no sabes esto? 11 De cierto, de cierto te digo, que lo que sabemos hablamos, y lo que hemos visto, testificamos; y no recibis nuestro testimonio. 12 Si os he dicho cosas terrenales, y no creeis, como creereis si os dijere las celestiales? 13 Nadie subio al cielo, sino el que descendio del cielo; el Hijo del Hombre, que esta en el cielo. 14 Y como Moises levanto la serpiente en el desierto, asi es necesario que el Hijo del Hombre sea levantado, 15 para que todo aquel que en el cree, no se pierda, mas tenga vida eterna.

16 Porque de tal manera amo Dios al mundo, que ha dado a su Hijo unigenito, para que todo aquel que en el cree, no se pierda, mas tenga vida eterna. 17 Porque no envio Dios a su Hijo al mundo para condenar al mundo, sino para que el mundo sea salvo por el. 18 El que en el cree, no es condenado; pero el que no cree, ya ha sido condenado, porque no ha creido en el nombre del unigenito Hijo de Dios. 19 Y esta es la condenacion: que la luz vino al mundo, y los hombres amaron mas las tinieblas que la luz, porque sus obras eran malas. 20 Porque todo aquel que hace lo malo, aborrece la luz y no viene a la luz, para que sus obras no sean reprendidas. 21 Mas el que practica la verdad viene a la luz, para que sea manifiesto que sus obras son hechas en Dios.

22 Despues de esto, vino Jesus con sus discipulos a la tierra de Judea, y estuvo alli con ellos, y bautizaba. 23 Juan bautizaba tambien en Enon, junto a Salim, porque habia alli muchas aguas; y venian, y eran bautizados. 24 Porque Juan no habia sido aun encarcelado.

25 Entonces hubo discusion entre los discipulos de Juan y los judios acerca de la purificacion. 26 Y vinieron a Juan y le dijeron: Rabi, mira que el que estaba contigo al otro lado del Jordan, de quien tu diste testimonio, bautiza, y todos vienen a el. 27 Respondio Juan y dijo: No puede el hombre recibir nada, si no le fuere dado del cielo. 28 Vosotros mismos me sois testigos de que dije: Yo no soy el Cristo, sino que soy enviado delante de el. 29 El que tiene la esposa, es el esposo; mas el amigo del esposo, que esta a su lado y le oye, se goza grandemente de la voz del esposo; asi pues, este mi gozo esta cumplido. 30 Es necesario que el crezca, pero que yo mengue.

31 El que de arriba viene, es sobre todos; el que es de la tierra, es terrenal, y cosas terrenales habla; el que viene del cielo, es sobre todos. 32 Y lo que vio y oyo, esto testifica; y nadie recibe su testimonio. 33 El que recibe su testimonio, este atestigua que Dios es veraz. 34 Porque el que Dios envio, las palabras de Dios habla; pues Dios no da el Espiritu por medida. 35 El Padre ama al Hijo, y todas las cosas ha entregado en su mano.

36 El que cree en el Hijo tiene vida eterna; pero el que rehusa creer en el Hijo no vera la vida, sino que la ira de Dios esta sobre el.