One of the most barbaric events in history was the Holocaust, which spanned from 1933 to 1945.
It was a complex and multifaceted event, with several causes that came together to lead to the systematic killing of Jews by Nazis and their collaborators.
Arguably, the most significant cause of the Holocaust was prevailing anti-semitism in Europe, particularly in Germany, which dated back 2000 years and laid the groundwork for the widespread acceptance of discriminatory practices against Jews.
This was exacerbated by Hitler’s long-term political ideologies and his belief in the racial inferiority of Jews.
A consequential short-term cause was the role and nature of the Nazi Racial State from 1933 to 1945.
Ultimately, the immediate catalyst was World War II, which began in 1939 and ended in 1945, that provided both the cover and the opportunity for mass extermination.
The minimum number of chapter meetings required per month is 2.
The governing documents of the fraternity and our chapter are the Constitution & Statutory Code and Board of Directors’ Statements of Policy.
The minimum length of the pledge process is five weeks. Ours is nine weeks.
Two initiations are required per academic year. One in the fall, one in the spring.
A member may miss two meetings, unexcused, per semester.
Quorum is necessary to run chapter meetings. Quorum is 50% of the chapter + 1 person.
a) No chapter shall conduct hazing activities.
b) There shall be no pre-initiation activities on the day or evening prior to the day of Court of Honor or Ritual Initiation that would cause persons to be physically or mentally fatigue.
c) At no time during pledge education is there to be verbal abuse of an individual, including shouting, screaming and the use of profanity.
The fraternity sexual harassment policy:
a) Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other sexually offensive verbal or physical contact will not be condoned or permitted, and may in fact be in violation of state and/or federal law.
b) The Fraternity will not tolerate or condone any form of sexually abusive behavior on the part of its members, whether physical, mental or emotional.
Du (du hast, du hast, du hast, du hast)
Hast viel geweint (geweint, geweint, geweint, geweint)
Im Geist getrennt (getrennt, getrennt, getrennt, getrennt)
Im Herz vereint (vereint, vereint, vereint, vereint)
Wir (wir sind, wir sind, wir sind, wir sind)
Sind schon sehr lang zusammen (ihr seid, ihr seid, ihr seid, ihr seid)
Dein Atem kalt (so kalt, so kalt, so kalt, so kalt)
Das Herz in Flammen (so heiß, so heiß, so heiß, so heiß)
Du (du kannst, du kannst, du kannst, du kannst)
Ich (ich weiß, ich weiß, ich weiß, ich weiß)
Wir (wir sind, wir sind, wir sind, wir sind)
Ihr (ihr bleibt, ihr bleibt, ihr bleibt, ihr bleibt)
mein Herz in Flammen
Will dich lieben und verdammen
(Deutschland) dein Atem kalt
So jung und doch so alt
(Deutschland)
Ich (du hast, du hast, du hast, du hast)
Ich will dich nie verlassen (du weinst, du weinst, du weinst, du weinst)
Man kann dich lieben (du liebst, du liebst, du liebst, du liebst)
Und will dich hassen (du hasst, du hasst, du hasst, du hasst)
Überheblich, überlegen
Übernehmen, übergeben
Überraschen, überfallen
Deutschland, Deutschland über allen
mein Herz in Flammen
Will dich lieben und verdammen
(Deutschland) dein Atem kalt
So jung und doch so alt
deine Liebe
Ist Fluch und Segen
(Deutschland) meine Liebe
Kann ich dir nicht geben
(Deutschland)
Du
Ich
Wir
Ihr
Du (übermächtig, überflüssig)
Ich (Übermenschen, überdrüssig)
Wir (wer hoch steigt, der wird tief fallen)
Ihr (Deutschland, Deutschland über allen)
dein Herz in Flammen
Will dich lieben und verdammen
(Deutschland) mein Atem kalt
So jung und doch so alt
deine Liebe
Ist Fluch und Segen
(Deutschland) meine Liebe
Kann ich dir nicht geben
(Deutschland)
The scientific method has helped us in knowing the causes of diseases and their prevention. It has also enabled us to make life-saving drugs.
Today, city streets are paved, well-drained, and cleaned regularly. Garbage and sewage are properly disposed of. A hundred years ago, streets were unpaved, poorly drained, and refuse was thrown into the streets, so sanitary conditions are much better now.
In villages today, drainage is poor, outdoor toilets are common, and streets are unpaved. To improve them, awareness about sanitation and its health benefits should be promoted.
The scientific method has increased food production and helped preserve food through modern methods of selecting, grading, and processing.
We are less fearful than our ancestors because we have abandoned superstitions. Our ancestors were afraid of things like black cats, broken mirrors, and the number 13.
The scientific method has made us reasonable by showing that every event has a logical explanation, helping us overcome old fears.
In the past, astrology played an important role in people's lives. They would consult astrologists before significant events like marriages.
Even today, some people believe in charms and other superstitions. These beliefs influence their lives according to how much faith they place in them.
Two hundred years ago, survival rates were much lower, with seven out of eight babies dying before their first birthday.
Attitude refers to the way we feel and think about an idea or event.
Superstitions are beliefs based on fear, like black cats, broken mirrors, and the number 13.
In the past, thrifty housewives preserved food by canning, pickling, drying vegetables and fruits, or salting and drying meats, sometimes freezing them.
The scientific method has improved our lives by solving health issues, increasing food production and preservation, and bringing positive changes to our attitude.
The purpose of this lesson is to show how the scientific method has improved living conditions and altered attitudes.
1. The scientific method has helped us in knowing the causes of diseases and their prevention. It has also enabled us to make life-saving drugs.
2. Today, city streets are paved, well-drained, and cleaned regularly. Garbage and sewage are properly disposed of. A hundred years ago, streets were unpaved, poorly drained, and refuse was thrown into the streets, so sanitary conditions are much better now.
3. In villages today, drainage is poor, outdoor toilets are common, and streets are unpaved. To improve them, awareness about sanitation and its health benefits should be promoted.
4. The scientific method has increased food production and helped preserve food through modern methods of selecting, grading, and processing.
5. We are less fearful than our ancestors because we have abandoned superstitions. Our ancestors were afraid of things like black cats, broken mirrors, and the number 13.
6. The scientific method has made us reasonable by showing that every event has a logical explanation, helping us overcome old fears.
7. In the past, astrology played an important role in people's lives. They would consult astrologists before significant events like marriages.
8. Even today, some people believe in charms and other superstitions. These beliefs influence their lives according to how much faith they place in them.
9. Two hundred years ago, survival rates were much lower, with seven out of eight babies dying before their first birthday.
10. Attitude refers to the way we feel and think about an idea or event.
11. Superstitions are beliefs based on fear, like black cats, broken mirrors, and the number 13.
12. In the past, thrifty housewives preserved food by canning, pickling, drying vegetables and fruits, or salting and drying meats, sometimes freezing them.
13. The scientific method has improved our lives by solving health issues, increasing food production and preservation, and bringing positive changes to our attitude.
14. The purpose of this lesson is to show how the scientific method has improved living conditions and altered attitudes.
The fraternity alcohol policy:
a) No alcoholic beverages may be purchased using chapter, pledge class or fraternity funds
b) No alcohol shall be present at any pledge program
c) No “drinking games” shall be permitted
d) No member or pledge shall purchase alcohol for a minor
e) The possession, sale or use of illegal drugs or controlled substances is prohibited.
The mission of the United States Air Force is to Fly, Fight, and Win... Airpower anytime, anywhere.
The United States Air Force will be a reliable and trusted joint partner with our sister services known for integrity in all activities, including supporting the joint mission first and foremost. We will provide compelling airpower capabilities for employment by the combatant commanders. We will excel as stewards of all Air Force resources in service to the American people, while providing precise and reliable Global Vigilance, Reach, and Power for the Nation.
The United States Space Force is responsible for securing our Nation's interests in, from, and to space. In space, through space superiority activities that protect the joint force and nation from space and counterspace threats. From space, by delivering global mission objectives like satellite communications, positioning, navigation, and timing, and missile warning activities. To space, by assured space access through the service's launch, range, and control network infrastructure.
Leadership is a gift. It's given by those who follow. You have to be worthy of it.
Chief Master Sergeant David A. Flosi
Chief Master Sergeant John F. Bentivegna
Chief Master Sergeant Matthew R.D. King
E-4B NAOC, Boeing, Airborne Operations Center, 1980, 523 KIAS, 112, and 4.
F-15C Eagle, McDonnell Douglas, Air Superiority Fighter, 1974, Mach 2.4, 1, and 249.
F-15E Strike Eagle, Boeing, Multirole Fighter, 1988, Mach 2.5, 2, 219.
F-16C/D Fighting Falcon, Lockheed Martin, Multirole Fighter, 1979, Mach 2.05, 1, 1017.
F-22A Raptor, Lockheed Martin, Air Dominance/Multi-Role Fighter, 2002, Mach 2.25, 1, 183.
F-35A Lighting II, Lockheed Martin, Multirole Fighter, 2011, Mach 1.5, 1, 302.
CV-22A Osprey, Bell Helicopter/Boeing, Special Operations Long Range, 240 KIAS, 4, 49.
HH-60G Pave Hawk, Sikorsky, Special Operations/Personnel Recovery, 1982, 160 KIAS, 4, 99.
UH-1N Huey, Bell Helicopter/Textron Inc., Airlift, 1970, 115 KIAS, 3, 59.
Cadet Colonel Grace E. Beal
Cadet Colonel Joseph P. Oczkewicz
Cadet Colonel Renata J. Russell
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and success of liberty.
Oh! I have slipped the surly bonds of Earth And dances the skies on laughter-silvered wings; Sunward I've climbed, and joined the tumbling mirth of sun-split clouds, - and done a hundred things You have not dreamed of - wheeled and soared and swung High in the sunlit silence. Hov'ring there, I've chased the shouting wind along, and flung My eager craft through footless halls of air... Up, up the long, delirious burning blue I've topped the wind-swept heights with easy grace Where never lark nor ever eagle flew - And, while with silent lifting mind I've trod The high untrespassed sanctity of space, Put out my hand, and touched the face of God.
I am an American, fighting in the forces which guard my country and our way of life. I am prepared to give my life in their defense.
I will never surrender of my own free will. If in command, I will never surrender the members of my command while they still have the means to resist.
I am an American Airman. I am a Warrior. I have answered my Nation's call. I am an American Airman. My mission is to Fly, Fight, and Win. I am faithful to a Proud Heritage, A Tradition of Honor, And a Legacy of Valor. I am an American Airman. Guardian of Freedom and Justice, My Nation's Sword and Shield, Its Sentry and Avenger. I defend my Country with my Life. I am an American Airman. Wingman, Leader, Warrior. I will never leave an Airman behind, I will never falter, And I will not fail.
What is your favorite book? Is it Lord of the Rings? Is it Harry Potter? Everyone has their own favorite book and it's hard to say for certain what everyone's favorite book is, there's millions of books to choose from. Millions of books to read mine personally is Harry Potter. What book do you despise and hate reading? For me that was Fahrenheit 451. For you that could be the Great Gatsby. It could also be The Hobbit, or Lord of The Flies. It could also be The Crucible, I don’t particularly like that book either. I’ve never read To Kill a Mockingbird. I have read The Curious Incident of a Dog in the Nighttime. I also never read the Hunger games. I loved Hatchet, Diary of a Wimpy Kid was a personal favorite for a while. Same with the Magic Tree House, that was another book I liked for a while.
My Favorite Food: Pasta with Tomatoes. I love to make a simple spaghetti dish using fresh tomatoes, onion, garlic, chicken stock, panko breadcrumbs, and capers. Just chop up a little bit of onion and put it into a skillet with olive oil and turn on the heat. Fill a pot with water and turn on the heat. When the water is boiling add the pasta. To the skillet, add chopped garlic and whole cherry tomatoes. Put on a lid and cook for 5 to 10 minutes. Boil water if you are making stock from a cube. Add a cup of chicken stock, or vegetable stock, to the sauce. In a small pan, add 1/4 cup panko breadcrumbs, 1 teaspoon of capers, and some salt. Cook until browned. Drain the pasta and add to the skillet. Toss together and heat up until simmering. Plate the pasta sauce onto a dish and add the panko breadcrumbs as a topping.
Q: When you met Fela what was he like?
A: Ohhhhhhh! Fela was something else when I first met him. Outwardly, he looked like a nice, clean boy. A perfect square. But inside he was a ruffian, man. And I knew it. Many of my friends, they always tell me: “That crazy boy! What are you doing with that boy? Why don’t you leave him alone?” But this guy, I’ve finished prospecting him a long time ago. This guy, you can feel him the way he does things. You knew that this guy was not a young guy. I told many guys, “This boy, he’s a ruffian. He doesn’t even know how to
talk to people. You just wait. We’ll see what this guy can do.” And it was true. Even my family didn’t like Fela and didn’t want me associating with him.
Q: So how did you both hook up in London?
A: Well, after finishing my secondary school in Ijebu- Ode in 1956, I began working as a clerk in the High Court of Lagos. I loved law. I wanted to be a lawyer, man. It was with that in mind that I made my parents send me to England in 1958, where one of my sisters was living. I was then twenty-three years old. Can you imagine that, man? Going to England? At that time, that was like going to Heaven for Nigerians! Hoo- hooooooooo! Fela had left to England about two months ahead of me. So we had agreed beforehand on the hook-up. He’d gone to study music. Actually, I wrote Fela to tell him I was coming, but he didn’t know where I was going to be in England. I went to London. At the beginning I enrolled myself at one of the Inns of Court, Gray’s Inn. I was going to read law. ... And, of course, Fela came round to my house one day.
Q: You mean he just dropped by?
A: Yeh ... just like that! I was sitting down in my house in ... what was this place? It’s a very popular place in
Shepherds Bush, you know. But I’ve forgotten the name of that street. Anyway, my sister took me there. She had been in England for some time. So she took me down to this place to go and stay there. And then one night I was sitting down there, talking to this West Indian guy who was my roommate. And I hear somebody knocking. “Who is that?” And in comes Fela. I say to myself, “This boy is looking for me again? I’m in trouble!” [Laughter.] And from that night I took my few bags and everything and left with him. I went to his place. He was staying in Brisley Gardens, in White City. I didn’t come back to my house again.
We started sharing the room together. I was paying half. He was paying half. He was going to Trinity College of Music and I was going to North-Western Polytechnic at that time.
Q: What were you studying?
A: I told you I wanted to do law at the beginning, but I couldn’t get in. I didn’t make it. You see, I’m not so bright. [Laughter.] When me and Fela started living together we used to go out in town a lot, you know. One day I told him: “Man, we can form a band. We can form a band on our own, man. Why not?” Fela said, “Yeah, we can form a band. Let’s go and do something.” And we went into a shop. We started
hiring – you know, hire-purchase – some of the instruments. I got drums. Fela got trumpet, I think. He had enough bread to buy it. Besides, that was his instrument then and not the saxophone like now.
Q: Who was giving him bread at that time?
A: His mama, man! But I didn’t have bread to buy shit, man. If I had told the folks at home that I was going to buy drums, they’d say, “What???? That’s not what we sent him there for!”
Q: So who was supporting you?
A: My family. He-he-he-hey! Even at the beginning they were doing their ass over when I started doing music, man. They were fucking mad. “We’re not going to send you any more money,” my parents wrote me. They stopped my allowance. Man, I couldn’t understand how people could hate such a beautiful thing as music, and look down on it. I said, “Never mind. I love to play music. Finish.” So me and Fela formed this group called the Koola Lobitos. We started out playing for Nigerian students who were studying in England. You know, all the dances in the halls and that sort of stuff.
Q: Why that name: Koola Lobitos?
A: I don’t know why that name. Fela gave it that name. I wanted something different. Anyway, he had his way
and we formed Koola Lobitos with some West Indian guys. I played guitar and Fela played trumpet. We used to play highlife, Fela’s compositions, and some other numbers like “I am the O-by-a-wo-wh-y”, and things like that. It caught on. So we were playing with this group till about ‘61, or ‘62.
Q: In London?
A: Yeah, in London. It came to be our thing that at the weekend we get money to spend in our pockets. We used to have gigs, in places where we’d play for students on Fridays, Saturdays. We were always having money with us, Fela and myself. Wole Buckner, who’s now a high-ranking officer in the Nigerian Navy, was there with us. He was playing piano with the group. But he wasn’t deeply in it. You know what I mean? It was the two of us, Fela and myself, who actually started Koola Lobitos.
Q: How many were you?
A: We were about a nine-, ten-piece band.
Q: You used to play for mainly West Indian and African audiences?
A: Yeah, but we started going more and more into all the jazz clubs, like. ... The Marquee, the JCC, Birdland and ... what’s the name of that club in Gower Street? A very, very popular jazz club? Anyway, we played there.
Q: What type of person was Fela then?
A: He was very quiet, although he was very speedy, you know. He was speeding all the time. He was a cool guy, nice to work with. And he loved to play, man!
Q: Did he drink a lot?
A: Fela? Drink? He used to drink cider at that time; that’s all he’d drink. [Laughter.] He never got drunk off anything but cider, man. [Roaring laughter.] Whenever we went to parties he would start dancing. He would fill up on cider first. Then he would start challenging the others to dance. Girls, you know ... Nigerian girls, they loved us because we were straight. We didn’t fool with anybody. We weren’t the kind of family type who wanted to get married and settle down. We were just doing our own thing. Chasing women? [Laughter.] Fela was very green at that time. Well, not green in the sense that he didn’t know. ... Well, you know what I mean? He was afraid to fuck, man. [Roaring laughter.]
Q: He didn’t smoke?
A: Not even cigarettes. Let alone grass, even for fucking. He was afraid to fuck! We had to take his prick by hand, hold it and put it in the cunt for him. I swear! Well, for example, I tell Fela, “Fuck this woman. This girl will leave if you don’t fuck her.” Fela would answer, “Ohhhhh, she go get pregnant-o!” And I’d have to persuade him. Guys like Richard Buckner – that’s Wole Buckner’s senior brother – didn’t know how to go after women. So they would hang around us. When we’d get women they’d come around and take the girls away from us. All that was Fela’s fault. But we didn’t care because we were very popular.
Q: That’s incredible.
A: Man, it’s me, J.K. telling you! ... We used to go around town. We were almost every night in the West End. Oh, man, when you would see me in London then. ... For two years, you could never see me without tie or three-piece suit. I became like a gigolo. Gold rings everywhere. You know. ... But, shit, Fela was a square, man! A nice guy, really beautiful guy. But as square as they come!
Q: Your sister must have been happy to know you were in good company, uh?
A: Shit, no! They were all against it. While I was in
England my sisters, my parents kept up their shit: “What are you doing with this guy? Are you crazy? What are you doing with Fela?” I said, “Just leave me alone. I know he’s my friend. He’s my close friend.”
Q: Then, your family’s opposition had a contrary effect?
A: Definitely so! How could I drop Fela just because my family didn’t dig him? I dug him, man. We used to sleep together, eat together, sleep on the same bed, you know, things like that. I could never abandon a feeling like that, a friend like that. You know what I mean? If it’s a male friend, like a school friend, say, then we meet at school or we meet outside. That’s a different thing. But we were living together, you know. Telling each other secrets and everything, you know. Right from the time when we were away from our country. So it brought that close love between us because we were not in Nigeria.
Skeleton Homeostasis Enzyme Muscle Excretion Discrimination Boycott Advantage Patient Nervous
Overcome Destiny Freedom Restaurant Protest Participate Nonviolent Excretory-System Circulation
Please come now, I think I'm falling
I'm holding on to all I think is safe
It seems I found the road to nowhere
And I'm trying to escape
I yelled back when I heard thunder (thunder)
But I'm down to one last breath
And with it, let me say, let me say
Hold me now
I'm six feet from the edge and I'm thinking
Maybe six feet ain't so far down
I'm looking down now that it's over
Reflecting on all of my mistakes
I thought I found the road to somewhere
Somewhere in His grace
I cried out, "Heaven, save me" (save me)
But I'm down to one last breath
And with it, let me say, let me say
Hold me now
I'm six feet from the edge and I'm thinking
Maybe six feet ain't so far down
Hold me now
I'm six feet from the edge and I'm thinking
Maybe six feet ain't so far down
I'm so far down
Sad eyes follow me
But I still believe there's something left for me
So please come stay with me
'Cause I still believe there's something left for you and me
For you and me, for you and me
Hold me now
I'm six feet from the edge and I'm thinking (thinking)
Hold me now
I'm six feet from the edge and I'm thinking
Maybe six feet ain't so far down
Hold me now
I'm six feet from the edge and I'm thinking
Maybe six feet ain't so far down
Please come now, I think I'm falling
I'm holding on to all I think is safe
Criteria of Ethics:Ethics refers to the principle that guides behaviour and decision making based on what is considered morally right or wrong. The criteria for ethics typically include the following aspects:
Autonomy: Respect for individuals' rights to make their own decisions.
Beneficence: The obligation to do good and act in ways that benefits others, promoting well being and reducing harm.
Fairness in treating people equally and distributing opportunity without spreading discrimination and bias.
Moral courage is the ability to stand up for what is right, even in the face of adversity or personal risk.
Focuses on the character and virtues of the individuals making the decision, such as honesty, kindness, courage etc.
Sustainability: Ensuring that actions and decisions do not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
There are so many criteria of ethics. This criteria helps guide ethical decision making in various contexts and social policies.
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colour honour labour neighbour vigour behaviour flavour humour rumour favour savour colour favour behaviour honour humour
centre theatre metre fibre spectre
defence licence offence pretence
realise organise recognise apologise utilise emphasise authorise symbolise practice criticise finalise summarise emphasise theorise sympathise energise civilise visualise characterise glamourise normalise mobilise fossilise specialise stabilise centralise individualise categorise nationalise neutralise
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